5 minute readProductivity is a key driver of economic growth and competitiveness. As such, internationally comparable indicators of productivity are central for assessing economic performance. One widely used productivity measure is multifactor productivity (MFP), which traditionally captures the efficiency with which an economy converts labour and produced capital, such as machines and buildings, into output. However, conventional MFP metrics disregard negative externalities of production, including greenhouse gas and other pollutant emissions, and neglect the use of natural capital, such as minerals.
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4 minute readReducing emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) is the key to mitigating climate change. It is essential to have reliable data on human-induced GHG emissions to analyse the trend of historical emissions, develop policies to reduce emissions and track the progress towards climate goals.
There are several datasets for GHG emissions and they serve different objectives. For example, there are “production-based” emissions and “demand-based” emissions datasets. The former cover GHG emissions generated from production activities in a country’s economy, whereas the latter (also called “consumption-based emissions” or “carbon footprints”) capture GHG emissions generated along global production chains to meet the demand of a country.
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3 minute readAs the world faces the hottest year on record, national and regional policies to reduce emissions have become a fixture in the public discourse. But for reductions to be achieved, it is important to understand the commitments of the world’s largest companies. The largest companies, especially MNEs, which span borders and whose operations play a substantial role in global emissions, shoulder much of the burden.
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3 minute readFor anyone walking the Parisian streets, the growing mountains of sometimes burning trash make the current waste crisis impossible to ignore. The striking sanitary workers, in response to the French Government’s pension reform, made us all stop and think about how much waste we produce.
read more4 minute readÀ se promener dans Paris depuis une semaine, il est impossible de ne pas remarquer le spectacle et les odeurs des amas d’ordures ménagères entassés dans les rues. La grève des éboueurs contre la réforme des retraites du gouvernement français nous amène tous à réfléchir à la quantité de déchets que nous produisons.
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5 minute readThe natural environment is essential for people and their livelihoods to thrive. Throughout history, climate-related hazards and damaging natural disasters have impacted and shaped societies around the world. However, climate change poses a growing threat to people’s livelihoods
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3 minute readClimate action is high on policy agendas. Many countries have announced ambitious targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including reaching ‘net zero’ by 2050. The OECD is developing a measurement agenda
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4 minute readAir transport is vital for international trade, tourism and employment, but it also produces carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions that contribute to global warming, and these emissions are expected to increase rapidly after the COVID-19 pandemic.
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